New York Times
By THE EDITORIAL BOARD APRIL 1,
2016
歐巴馬總統在上星期五結束核安全峰會後，聲稱核安峰會在領導國際社會，在抑制核原料落入恐怖份子之手上面，獲得一些成功。
As he ended the Nuclear Security
Summit on Friday, President Obama could claim some success in leading the
international community to curb the amount of nuclear materials that could fall
into terrorists’ hands.
即使有相當大的進步，歐巴馬總統尚未達成他要在四年內確保所有核原料的安全的目標；部分1800公噸的核原料依然儲存在24個國家，其中有許多很容易被盜取。
But even with considerable progress, Mr.
Obama has not fulfilled his goal of securing all nuclear materials in four
years; some 1,800 metric tons of nuclear material remain stored in 24
countries, much of it vulnerable to theft.
這場高峰會議，吸引超過50名領袖到華盛頓，對維持核原料的安全，與消除核原料，達成許多務實的承諾。歐巴馬總統宣稱，長期陷入僵局的條約，需要各國遵從『確保核設施與核原料安全』的標準，在30天內對儲存的、過境的核原料生效。
The summit meeting, which drew more than
50 world leaders to Washington, produced many practical commitments to secure
and eliminate nuclear materials. Mr. Obama announced that a long-stalled treaty
requiring countries to comply with standards for securing nuclear facilities
and nuclear material while in storage, use or transit would take effect in 30
days.
日本與美國說，他們已經將從從日本茨城縣東海村的研究計畫而來的高濃縮鈾與分離出來的鈽，轉移到美國南科羅拉多州的設備，在南科羅拉多州，核原料將被轉變成比較不適合用來製作武器的物質。南韓承諾在它的港口加強核探測，哈薩克說它將強化它的出口控制法律，英國承諾將設置新的網路安全措施，以回應對核電廠愈來愈多的網路攻擊。
Japan and the United States said they
had completed the transfer of all highly enriched uranium and separated
plutonium from a research project in Tokai Mura, Japan, to a facility in South
Carolina where the materials will be converted to forms less suitable for use
in weapons. South Korea promised to strengthen nuclear detection at its ports,
Kazakhstan said it would strengthen its export control laws and Britain pledged
to lead a new cyber security initiative in response to growing concerns that a
cyberattack could be made on nuclear plants.
雖然華盛頓在許多其他的議題上情勢緊張，中國國家主席習近平承諾，將部分中國的核反應爐轉換成使用低濃度的鈾的反應爐，低濃度的鈾比較不適合武器使用，迦納和奈及利亞就是使用這種反應爐。美國也宣布一項計畫，考慮在海軍反應爐使用低濃縮鈾，而不是高濃度鈾。
Despite serious tensions with Washington
on many other issues, China’s president, Xi Jinping, promised to convert some
of China’s nuclear reactors, as well as reactors supplied to Ghana and Nigeria,
to low-enriched uranium, which is less suitable for weapons use. The United
States also announced plans to look into using low-enriched uranium rather than
highly enriched uranium in its naval reactors.
俄羅斯的普丁總統拒絕參加高峰會議，令人回想起美國與俄羅斯的關係充滿麻煩，這阻礙歐巴馬總統2009年野心勃勃的承諾：尋求一個沒有核子武器的世界。這二個國家各自部屬超過1800枚戰略核彈頭。
President Vladimir Putin’s refusal to
attend the summit meeting, however, was a reminder of how troubled ties with
Russia are stymieing Mr. Obama’s ambitious pledge in 2009 to seek a world
without nuclear weapons. The two countries still deploy more than 1,800
strategic warheads each.
在2013年，歐巴馬總統說美國的兵工廠可以縮減三分一。即使是如此，他支持一個三兆美金的計畫，用炸彈、飛彈和潛水艇等等，替代核武庫。巴基斯坦、印度和中國在擴充他們的武器，俄羅斯也正在將軍火庫現代化。
同時，北韓，儘管有嚴厲的制裁，正在增加儲存的核武和需要發射的飛彈。
In 2013, Mr. Obama said America’s
arsenal could be reduced by one-third. Even so, he has supported a $1 trillion
plan to replace the nuclear arsenal, including bombers, missiles and
submarines. Russia is also modernizing its arsenal, while Pakistan, India and
China are expanding theirs. Meanwhile, North Korea, despite tough sanctions, is
adding to its cache of nuclear weapons and the missiles needed to launch them.
核安高峰會是將注意力集中在核危險的有效的方法，說服許多國家更有安全意識。下一任美國總統將持續為核安問題努力，避免另一場核武競賽
The nuclear security summit meetings
have been a useful means of focusing attention on nuclear dangers and
persuading countries to be more security conscious. It will be up to the next
American president to continue this effort and work to prevent another nuclear
arms race.
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